The following Steps are recommended for the translations of questionnaires
Comment
The translation of questionnaires is a key issue for the validity of comparisons involving non-English speaking countries. It is recognised however, that the Steps 2(c) and 2(d) may be too costly for some countries or centres and that those countries or centres may decide to leave them out. The translated questionnaires must have the same structure and logic as the original. In addition, we draw the attention to the need that the translations must be understood by the children and parents. Thus, the translations should apply the language which is used by the children and parents themselves and experience from Germany shows that it may well differ from the terminology of medical professionals134.
NOTE
The language used, should be pre-coded onto the questionnaire prior to printing the questionnaires. Most languages have been listed in section 20.3 of this Manual and coded. Please use the codes provided. If your language is not listed, please contact the GAN Global Centre for a code number to be issued (contact details section 21).
An example of how these codes can be inserted into the questionnaire is shown in section 20 as well as more details on the use of the ‘office use only’ boxes.
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